As the world’s first solar-powered airplane to fly both day and night
touched down early Sunday in Washington, all eyes focused on the
odd-shaped plane and its pioneering pilots.
Equally significant
is the science and innovative technology behind the concept of the Solar
Impulse aircraft. From lightweight, high-strength plastics, to thin,
protective films covering the solar panels, new technologies in advanced
materials have provided durability and energy efficiency to propel
Solar Impulse thousands of miles “Across America” without a drop of
fossil fuel.
Special materials and expertise from Solvay, a
global producer of chemicals and advanced materials, optimize the
aircraft’s energy chain and contribute to the plane’s remarkably
light,yet sturdy, structure.
Solvay is a founding partner of the
Solar Impulse consortium that also includes companies with expertise in
solar technologies, aviation, engineering, electronics, mechanics and
controls.
In a panel discussion today at Washington’s National
Press Club, Solvay’s Solar Impulse Partnership Manager Claude Michel
described the challenges in designing and building the plane. “Weight is
an obsession with Solar Impulse,” he said.
According to Michel,
for every 8kg — whether it’s 8kg of plane, pilot or equipment — Solar
Impulse needs one square meter of solar panels. The solar panels are
spread across the upper portion of the aircraft’s horizontal stabilizer
and wings which, at 63 meters, are the span of a commercial jet. That
wingspan accommodates enough panels that Solar Impulse can carry just
1600kg. A typical four-engine propeller-driven commercial airliner
weighs about 30 times more.
“Every piece of the plane is evaluated for its weight as well as its effectiveness,” he said. “Every gram is measured.”
Michel
explained key ratios of solar panel surface areas to energy produced,
stored and consumed on board, and how high-strength plastics,
insulation,double sided tape lubricants and protective films contribute to the plane’s light weight as well as its energy efficiency.
“Many
of these technologies found novel applications on Solar Impulse,”
Michel explained, “but the specific products already existed, and are
commercially available today for many manufacturing uses.”
George
Corbin, head of research, development and technology for Solvay
Specialty Polymers, provided several examples of Solvay products with
new uses on Solar Impulse.
Traditionally designed as a coating
material for protection and anti-corrosion applications, Halar was
adapted in 2008 for Solar Impulse, where it is the photovoltaic front
sheet.
Corbin also explained how key components of the Solar
Impulse wings came together---literally. He explained how Solar
Impulse’s wing spar is formed from a lightweight paper honeycomb
sandwiched between two layers of carbon fiber.
In addition to
adhesives products, Solvay also offers a version of Torlon PAI that can
be injection molded or extruded into parts. Components made from Torlon
PAI are also found on the Solar Impulse and commercial aircraft as well.
Eleven
different Solvay products are used in 20 different applications and
6,000 parts of the Solar Impulse. “Solvay has sponsored this project
since its inception in 2004 because we are deeply committed to
sustainability principles including alternate energy technologies, and
we wanted to challenge ourselves in this domain,” explained Corbin.
“We're proud to see our sustainability vision realized through this
remarkable technical achievement.”
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